Advanced Health Assessment Practice Exam

What is a wheal primarily characterized by?

1. It is usually hard and non-transient

2. It has a smooth, flat surface

3. It is raised, transient, and slightly irregular

4. It is deep within the dermis

The correct answer is: It is raised, transient, and slightly irregular

A wheal is primarily characterized by being raised, transient, and slightly irregular. This distinctive appearance arises due to localized edema, typically resulting from an inflammatory response. When substances such as allergens cause histamine release in the skin, it leads to swelling in the superficial dermis, forming the raised area known as a wheal. The transitory nature of a wheal is also crucial; it tends to appear quickly after the triggering event and can resolve within hours, distinguishing it from other types of skin lesions that are more permanent or chronic in nature. The slightly irregular edges give wheals an uneven appearance, which can also vary in size and shape depending on the cause and individual reaction. The characteristics of a wheal are important in clinical assessments, particularly in allergy testing and diagnosing conditions such as urticaria (hives). Understanding these features helps healthcare professionals identify and manage allergic reactions more effectively.