Advanced Health Assessment Practice Exam

Which dermatological term describes a reactive skin lesion that is very itchy and often occurs with allergies?

1. Papule

2. Wheal

3. Macule

4. Nodule

The correct answer is: Wheal

The term that best describes a reactive skin lesion that is very itchy and often occurs with allergies is "wheal." Wheals are raised, itchy areas of skin that are often pale in the center and red at the edges. They result from an allergic reaction, where histamine release causes localized swelling and inflammation in the skin. This reaction can be associated with conditions such as urticaria (hives), which is known for its itchy wheals, often triggered by allergens. In contrast, papules are small, raised bumps that can be itchy or not, but they are typically solid lesions and may not always correlate with an allergic reaction. Macules are flat, discolored patches on the skin that do not have any elevation and, therefore, do not commonly present with itchiness or reactive characteristics. Nodules are larger, solid bumps that may be deep in the skin and are often associated with other conditions rather than immediate allergic reactions. The distinctive features and the acute reflexive itchiness associated with wheals make them the correct choice in this context.